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Search Mastery

Learn more about how search engines work and how to navigate search pages, tailor searches and search terms, and evaluate the information you find.

Search operator [site:] and [filetype:]

The next several pages will introduce you to search operators to help you narrow, refine, or thoughtfully widen your search. The first operator we'll introduce is the site: operator, which you can use to specify the top-level domain of the site you'd like to find. 

As you watch, consider the following question: 

  • When are you likely to use the site: operator? 

Here's an example of what this can look like in practice:

All of the search results above are from the New York Times, since we specified the nytimes.com domain. This can often be a more efficient way of searching within a particular publication.

TIPS:

  • Remember what you learned on the top-level domains page about what top-level domains like .org and .gov can and can't tell us about a website's reliability.
  • Filetype operator: You can also narrow search results by the kind of file you want using the filetype: operator. For example, if you know you want a pdf document, add filetype:pdf after your search terms. Other filetype extensions you could search for include .docx or .pptx. A full list is here.  
  • The site: and filetype: operators will NOT work if you add a space between the operator and the kind of site or file you're looking for. Search for site:.org instead of site: .org and filetype:.pptx instead of filetype: .pptx!