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RESEARCH GUIDES

ENSP 102: Introduction to Environmental Policy

course guide for ensp 102

APA Citation Style

APA Citation Style requires you to include both in-text citations and a reference list. The resources below will familiarize you with the style's formatting requirements.

Citing Government Documents

Sometimes it is tricky to create a citation for government documents. Here are some tips to get you started.

Government Reports

Report by Individual Authors at Government Agency:

  • Format: Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Year). Title of report (Report number). Organization Name. URL
  • Example Reference: Cilluffo, A. A., & Larson, L. N. (2025). The Hazardous Substance Superfund Trust Fund (CRS Report No. IF11982). Congressional Research Service. https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11982. 
  • Example in-text citation: (Cilluffo & Larson, 2025).

*If the government report does not have an individual author, list the organization or agency as the author. 

  • Example format: Congressional Research Service. (Year). Title of report (CRS Report No. xxxxx). URL
  • Example in-text citation: (Congressional Research Service, 2025).

Federal Hearings

Full Hearing: 

  • Format: Title of hearing, ### Cong. (Year). URL
  • Example reference: Examining the Public Health Impacts of PFAS Exposures: Hearings before U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Chemical Safety, Waste Management, Environmental Justice, and Regulatory Oversight; Committee on Environment and Public Works, 118th Cong. (2024). https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2024/12/examining-the-public-health-impacts-of-pfas-exposures 
  • Example in-text citation: (Examining the Public Health Impacts of PFAS Exposures, 2024)

Testimony at a Federal Hearing:

  • Format: Title of testimony, ### Cong. (Year) (testimony of Testifier Name). URL
  • Example reference: Examining the Public Health Impacts of PFAS Exposures: Hearings before U.S. Senate Subcommittee on Chemical Safety, Waste Management, Environmental Justice, and Regulatory Oversight; Committee on Environment and Public Works, 118th Cong. (2024). (2024) (testimony of Sue Fenton). https://www.epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2024/12/examining-the-public-health-impacts-of-pfas-exposures
  • Example in-text citation: (Examining the Public Health Impacts of PFAS Exposures, 2024)

Additional Guides

Citation Tools

Citations from Databases

Many databases include citation generators in their item records. Look for "Cite" or a quotation mark symbol " in the item record to create a citation and paste it into your document. Some databases that include this feature are:

  • UMD Discover
  • Academic Search Ultimate